1. Comprehensive Site Assessment and Shadow Analysis
Ensure that the design team conducts a thorough site assessment, including shadow analysis, using advanced software to evaluate sunlight exposure year-round. Panels should not experience shading between 9 AM and 3 PM, as this can significantly reduce the energy output of the entire system. Unfortunately, some installers overlook these critical site parameters and cut corners by skipping detailed design and shadow analysis, resulting in long-term performance losses.
2. Optimal Panel Orientation and Spacing
Solar panels must be installed facing true south, with a deviation of no more than 10 degrees, to capture the maximum amount of sunlight throughout the day. For systems with multiple rows, ensure that they are spaced adequately to prevent the shadow of one row from affecting others. It is common for some installers to deviate from optimal alignment or reduce row spacing to maximize panel installation, which can significantly compromise system efficiency.
3. Use of Quality, Certified Panels
It is essential to choose Tier 1, genuine A-grade solar panels from reputable sources. Panels without proper documentation should be avoided, as they are often of inferior quality, such as Bgrade or counterfeit products. Low-quality panels will reduce energy output and may lead to early system failure.
4. Reliable Inverters from Trusted Manufacturers
Inverters are a critical component of the system. Always choose inverters from Tier 1 manufacturers with a reliable warranty provided through their local distributors. Many installers may offer low-cost inverters without local warranty coverage, which can compromise the system’s reliability and performance.
5. Sturdy and Reliable Mounting Structures
The mounting structure should be made of full-gauge, high-quality material, and this must be verified with the supplier. Some installers may provide structures made of substandard materials, undermining the strength and stability of the system. Joints in elevated structure beams should be avoided, as they can weaken the structure. The mounting system must be designed to withstand wind pressure, allowing air to pass freely through the system. Furthermore, ensure that the structure is installed by experienced fabricators to avoid issues like panel glass breakage or panels detaching in high winds. Additionally, confirm that bolts securing the panels are tightly fastened, as some installers may outsource the work to vendors who neglect proper tightening.
6. Ensure Proper Civil Work and Waterproofing
It is essential to install high-quality civil works, such as concrete blocks, to securely anchor the system on the rooftop and prevent water seepage. Many installers may skip these critical steps or use substandard materials to reduce costs, which can result in instability and potential water damage to the roof.
7. Use of Proper and High-Quality Cables
Cables play a vital role in ensuring efficient energy transmission. Ensure that the cables used are of the correct gauge and high quality, following engineering standards. Many installers use undersized cables or counterfeit brands, which can result in energy losses and pose serious fire hazards. For example, using a 35 mm cable where 70 mm is required, or a 6 mm cable where 16 mm is needed, can drastically reduce the efficiency of the system. Additionally, avoid the use of multiple joints in wiring, as this can lead to losses, sparking, and moisture accumulation over time. In fact, numerous fire incidents in 2024 were directly linked to poor-quality cabling and wiring practices, highlighting the importance of investing in reliable materials.
8. Avoid Counterfeit Circuit Breakers
Counterfeit circuit breakers are frequently used in solar systems, often labeled as “first copies” of trusted brands like Schneider, Legrand, and ABB. Genuine circuit breakers from these reputable brands are essential for the safety and long-term performance of the system. Unfortunately, to cut costs, many installers opt for counterfeit products, which can lead to faulty systems and safety hazards.
9. Ensure Proper Earthing and Grounding Systems
A well-designed earthing system is crucial for the safety of the solar installation. The earthing pits should be deep enough to achieve a soil resistance of less than 5 ohms, which typically occurs near the water table, where sand and moisture are present. Some installers opt for shallow pits or avoid using proper copper conductors to cut costs. Each system component, including DC earthing, AC earthing, and lightning arrestors, should have separate earthing pits. Additionally, each panel must be individually earthed to ensure the entire system is safely grounded, but many installers save on material and labor costs by only connecting a single junction to the structure.
10. Quality Workmanship is Crucial
The quality of workmanship in solar installations is often overlooked, but it is one of the most critical aspects of ensuring system longevity and performance. Low-cost, low-skilled labor can result in poor installations, where engineering standards are ignored, and substandard tools are used. This can severely impact the quality and safety of the installation.
Conclusion:
When considering a solar EPC installation, it’s essential to prioritize quality at every step of the process—from design and materials to installation and maintenance. Cutting corners to reduce costs often leads to inefficiency, increased risk of system failure, and safety hazards. By ensuring that each component of the system is carefully selected and installed by experienced professionals, you can ensure a long-lasting, efficient, and safe solar power solution for your needs.
